/* Example on how to read a file row-by-row, word-by-word, character-by-character and how to read
   a structured file (where field of different type are save in each row of the file). */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define LEN 50

int main()
{
    FILE *fp;

    char row[LEN+1]; /* To read strings of maximum length of 50 characters,
                        an array of characters of dimension 51 must be declared,
                        because after the string the termination character '\0' must be stored */
    char ch;
    int intValue;
    float floatValue;

    /* Reading the content of the file file.txt */
    /* Opening the file */
    printf("READING file.txt\n");
    fp = fopen("file.txt", "r");

    /* Control if the file has been opened without errors */
    if (fp == NULL){
        printf("Error: impossible to open the file file.txt\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Reading the file row-by-row */
    printf("First reading method:\n");
    while ( fgets(row, LEN, fp) != NULL ) {
       printf("READ: %s\n", row);
    }
    
    /* Not recommended */
    /* 
    rewind(fp);

    printf("Other reading method:\n");
    fgets(row, LEN, fp);
    while ( !feof(fp) ) {
        printf("READ: %s\n", row);
        fgets(row, LEN, fp);
    }
    */

    rewind(fp);

    /* Reading the file word-by-word */
    printf("Second reading method:\n");
    while ( fscanf(fp, "%s", row) != EOF ) {
       printf("READ: %s\n", row);
    }

    rewind(fp);

    /* Reading the file character-by-character */
    printf("Third reading method:\n");
    while ( (ch=getc(fp)) != EOF ) {
       printf("%c ", ch);
    }

    fclose(fp); /* Closing the file */

    /* Reading the content of the file file2.txt */
    /* Note: the file contains in each row a string, an integer number and a real number */

    /* Opening the file */
    printf("\nREADING file2.txt\n");
    if ( (fp = fopen("file2.txt", "r")) == NULL){
        printf("Error: impossible to open the file file2.txt\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* First reading method */
    /* Recommended becase it is more compact */
    printf("First reading method:\n");
    while ( fscanf(fp, "%s %d %f", row, &intValue, &floatValue) != EOF ) {
      printf("READ: %s %d %f\n", row, intValue, floatValue);
    }
    
    rewind(fp);

    /* Second reading method */
    printf("Second reading method:\n"); 
    while ( fgets(row, LEN, fp) != NULL ) { /* E' consigliabile il metodo precedente */
      sscanf(row, "%s %d %f", row, &intValue, &floatValue);
      printf("READ: %s %d %f\n", row, intValue, floatValue);
    }

    fclose(fp); /* Closing the file */

    return 0;
}